Comprehensive scientific examination of leg length discrepancy in junior badminton players

Abstract

The objective of this research was to conduct a comprehensive analysis of Leg Length Discrepancy (LLD) among in young badminton players with the aim of mitigating back discomfort and reducing injuries in their current training environments. Numerous studies have established a connection between LLD and various musculoskeletal issues in different sports, causing asymmetrical gait and low back pain. Consequently, many players find their daily routines disrupted, leading to burnout or dropout from the sport. To assess the current situation, this study focused on 1502 young badminton players aged 9–12 from the states of Tamil Nadu and Puducherry. LLD can be challenging to diagnose and treat, especially in growing children, and various methods and equipment are available for assessment. In this research, the "Delta Leg" (DL) measuring tool was employed, measuring discrepancies from millimeters to centimeters. The 0–10 Numeric Pain Rating Scale was used to determine the level of pain. The analysis involved the application of percentage techniques (P = n × 100 / N) and Pearson correlation. The results indicated that 218 (15%) of the players had equal-length lower limbs, while 1284 (85%) exhibited LLD in varying degrees. Among the LLD players, 354 (24%) had discrepancies greater than 1 cm, 753 (50%) had discrepancies less than 1–2 cm, 171 (11%) had discrepancies less than 2–3 cm, and 6 (0.40%) had discrepancies less than 3 cm. LLD was notably prevalent among young badminton players aged 9 to 12, warranting careful attention. Even mild LLD should not be overlooked, emphasizing the importance of coaches, physiotherapists, physical education instructors, and doctors in closely monitoring players' leg mechanics. Immediate corrective actions are essential, and continuous monitoring is imperative, because LLD may necessitate intervention before reaching skeletal maturity. The use of insoles is recommended to alleviate muscular and/or joint problems and gait issues in players. Additionally, some players with equal leg lengths exhibited pronation and supination in their ankles, suggesting the need for future research to explore other lower limb issues experienced by badminton players.